![]() Initially, the main gun only used APDS ( Armour-Piercing Discarding Sabot) and HEP ( High Explosive Plastic) as its primary ammunition. The full length of the cannon was 5,592 mm (18 ft 4.2 in), for a total weight of 2,800 kg. Japan only produced the barrel under license, developing an indigenous gun mantlet, breech and recoil system. Later in the development stage engineers opted to license the NATO standard M68 105mm cannon. The first vessels had been designed to bear the 90mm M3 cannon, present in the Type 61, and STA-1, revealing itself underpowered. The design was finalized in 1964 and various test rigs were built between 19. Prior to the 1965 decision to design an entirely new tank, some technologies which would later be used in the STB-1 (first prototype) were already in development independently in Japan. The design included a rotating cupola for the commander, and a new autoloader for the main gun. Features from several designs were incorporated, including the controllable suspension of the US-German MBT-70 project, the hull of the Leopard 1, and a similar 105mm gun. The JGSDF began studies on new tank designs with Mitsubishi in 1962, after the Type 61 had been shown to be outmatched by new Soviet tanks such as the T-62. Both the Type 74 and Type 90 are supplemented and will be eventually replaced by the new-generation Type 10 tank. The design did not enter widespread use until 1980, by which point other Western forces had introduced more capable designs. Like these designs, it mounts the M68 rifled 105 mm gun. It was based on the best features of a number of contemporary designs, placing it in the same class as the US M60 Patton or German Leopard 1. It was built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries as a supplement to the earlier Type 61. The Type 74 ( 74式戦車, nana-yon-shiki-sensha) is a main battle tank (MBT) of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF). ![]()
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